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The world's most famous scientist, Albert Einstein used his amazing mind to come up with ideas that no one had ever dreamt of before. From toothpaste to time travel, he set about explaining how everything in the universe works.
'Monkey Man' Darwin took a lot of stick when he revealed his theories about natural selection and evolution, but he set the ball rolling for the discovery of DNA, the fundamental building blocks of life.
When Isaac Newton worked out just why things fall to earth, he turned scientific thinking on its head. The celebrated mathematician and scientist came up with an explanation for everything from sunsets to rainbows.
The 'Father of Philosophy', Descartes proved that staying in bed all morning can help the brain to function. That's how he came up with his simple but profound idea that changed philosophy forever – 'I think, therefore I am.'
The 'Father of Psychoanalysis', Sigmund Freud plumbed the deepest recesses of the human mind in his quest to unravel the mysteries of the subconscious.
Freedom fighter and one of the founders of the United States, Thomas Paine made himself a lot of enemies by standing up for what he believed to be right.
The father of modern philosophy, Ancient Greek philosopher Plato founded the first university and published his ideas of a perfect society that still have people arguing today.
The Big Daddy of communism and a revolutionary philosopher, Karl Marx was the man who urged workers to unite, but he didn't live to see his ideology put into practice.
Brilliant Scotsman Adam Smith came up with the concept of the free market economy, which is as important now as it was back in the 18th century.
Nietzsche was a truly individual thinker, and his controversial take on philosophy reverberated through 20th century philosophy and literature.
