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In this video:
Humans have been consuming animal milk products since at least 7,500 years ago, despite not widely developing the gene mutation to properly digest milk outside of childhood until around a thousand years later. The gene that facilitates the production of lactase in the human body, necessary for processing the lactose in milk- see What Causes Lactose Intolerance, typically gets switched off in adolescence. Thanks to the rise of dairy as a significant nutrition source, initially largely in cheese and yogurt-type substances that could be widely consumed due to low lactose content and had better shelf life, those who had a genetic quirk allowing them to produce lactase into adulthood flourished, and this mutation quickly spread throughout a relatively large percentage of the human population over the centuries. By 4,000 BCE (six thousand years ago), a dairy economy existed in central Europe, Asia and ancient Egypt, and with it came disease.
Want the text version?: http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2016/08/history-pasteurization-saved-millions-lives/
Sources:
https://www.chemheritage.org/historical-profile/louis-pasteur
http://www.oie.int/doc/ged/d9152.pdf
http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2015/10/louis-pasteur-pasteurization
http://penpals.web.unc.edu/2013/05/01/what-is-pasteurization-and-how-does-it-work/
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